FALLS
As the Medical Director and co-owner of a senior assisted living complex, I appreciate the diligence necessary to prevent falls in our elderly population. It is critical that the environment is made safe and adequate staffing is available. There is good reason to do this, as a recent study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has shown that traumatic brain injuries in seniors can result from many of these falls.
How common are falls in the elderly? The CDC study reported that about one third of all people over the age of 65 fall each year. Nearly a third of these individuals require medical treatment because of the fall. Since 1990, there has been a 55 percent increase in recorded falls. This may be due to better surveillance and reporting, or the fact that our elderly population is growing in number each year.
What injuries result from falls? A large percentage of seniors suffer hip and wrist fractures. Seniors who suffers from other medical problems may find that recovery from a hip fracture requires a long period of rehabilitation because of their weakened condition. It is critical that family members and physicians are especially attentive when this occurs, to ensure that the fracture does not lead to compromised general health.
Traumatic brain injury can also result from a fall. Because an injury is not always initially apparent, it is important that seniors be examined after they have suffered a fall. A bump to the head may not appear to be serious, but if bleeding occurs within the brain, the injury can be fatal. It is especially important that seniors on blood thinners, such as aspirin or warfarin, are examined following a fall because these blood thinners, in combination with weakened blood vessels, place a patient at greater risk. The CDC study also showed that the chances of death associated with a fall increased with age.
How can falls be prevented? Daily exercise is important - it improves balance and stamina. Seniors should have their vision checked routinely and ensure their glasses fit appropriately. The home environment should be clear of obstacles and throw rugs. Be certain to find out if the medications you, or a loved one, are taking alter consciousness and balance so extra caution can be taken. Lastly, look to senior assisted living when an individual can no longer safely live at home.
