LIGHTNING.
Take shelter from lightning - one strike is all
it
takes.
Lightning, a very dangerous natural hazard is also a dangerous health hazard,
which must be taken seriously. Injuries caused by a lightning strike may occur
in a matter of seconds and without warning. These strikes can also easily contribute
to permanent disability or death. Thus, when the threat of a thunderstorm is
eminent, safe covering should be sought immediately.
Let's take a closer look at lightning safety and the medical issues that can
arise from a strike.
How common are thunderstorms? During every minute
of every day, there are at least 1,800 thunderstorms occurring somewhere in the
world. Associated with a
thunderstorm is deadly lightning. In the United States, about 400 people are
struck each year and nearly 100 people die after being struck by lightning. In
addition to this, several people will suffer from long-term disability after
the strike.
During the summer months, thunderstorms are very common. All thunderstorms produce
lightning and are very dangerous. Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a rainstorm.
It is important to remember that if thunder is heard, there is lightning. It
is really important to watch for dark clouds and increasing wind. This may be
an indication of the development of an impending storm.
How strong is lightning? The magnitude of lightning is tremendous. The streak
of the electrical current can extend for up to five miles. The temperature of
a strong strike can reach a temperature of 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The average
lightning strike is about 30,000 amperes, but the electricity flowing in a bolt
can reach up to 200 million volts.
Who gets injured? Being outside is the greatest risk
for injury from lightning. In the United States, one third of the victims are
injured while at work, one
third are injured during recreational and athletic activities, and the last third
are injured in a variety of situations, such as being in a building.
What are the injuries? Lightning injuries are electrical injuries. The heart
and the brain are the most common organ systems affected. A strike can contribute
to a cardiac arrhythmia, or irregular beating of the heart. Left untreated, this
will lead to death.
Electrical injuries cause a burn to the body. Muscles can be damaged, as well
as nerves. The electrical strike can also affect the brain causing altered memory,
difficulty concentrating, irritability, and even a personality change.
What is the emergency treatment? As with most emergency
situations, it is important to protect the rescuer prior to tending to the victim,
as additional injury should
be avoided. It is essential to activate the emergency services system and call
911. Help will be on the way. Emergency workers are well trained in dealing with
this type of situation.
Since cardiac arrhythmias occur, a victim may require CPR until additional medical
assistance arrives. Then, more definitive medical treatment will be provided
which will probably include a visit to the Emergency Department. If a patient
has been burned, fluids will be provided intravenously and a transfer to a Burn
Center may be in order. A comprehensive medical evaluation must be completed
to assess all of the injuries.
How do I prevent lightning injuries? Several safety
rules are recommended during a thunderstorm. Go inside immediately and this includes
an enclosed facility
or an enclosed all-metal vehicle. Be sure that you are in a low point, as lightning
strikes the highest point of an area.
Do not wait for rain to start before seeking shelter. If there is thunder, there
is lightning. It is very important during athletic activities that if thunder
is heard, the practice or game MUST BE SUSPENDED IMMEDIATELY. The risk of lightning
strike is very high. Stay away from trees.
If water sports are involved, get out of and away from water. Get out of a metal
boat and off the water as soon as possible. People on the water are prime targets.
In addition, lightning strikes can travel through plumbing, so avoid showers,
baths, and laundry during a storm.
Most importantly, stay informed about the path of a storm through local radio
and television broadcasts, as well as NOAA Weather Radio. Prevention is the best
medicine when dealing with this deadly weather phenomenon!
